Apache Kafka命令行工具（Command Line Interface,CLI），下文简称CLI。
1. 启动Kafka
启动Kafka需要两步：
1.1. 启动ZooKeeper
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties
1.2. 启动Kafka Server
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties
2. 列出Topic
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --list
HelloWorld
3. 创建Topic
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic Demo1
Created topic "Demo1".
上述命令会创建一个名为Demo1的Topic，并指定了replication-factor和partitions分别为1。其中replication-factor控制一个Message会被写到多少台服务器上，因此这个值必须小于或者等于Broker的数量。
4. 描述Topic
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic Demo1
Topic:Demo1 PartitionCount:1 ReplicationFactor:1 Configs:
Topic: Demo1 Partition: 0 Leader: 0 Replicas: 0 Isr: 0
5. 发布消息到指定的Topic
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic Demo1
>this
>is
>the
>firest
>input
可以在控制台逐行输入任意消息。命令的终止符是：control + C组合键。
6. 消费指定Topic上的消息
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --from-beginning --topic Demo1
this
is
the
firest
input
7. 修改Topic
7.1 增加指定Topic的partition，在第3步中创建的Demo1的partition是1。如下命令将增加10个partition
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-topics.sh --alter --zookeeper localhost:2181 --partitions 11 --topic Demo1
WARNING: If partitions are increased for a topic that has a key, the partition logic or ordering of the messages will be affected
Adding partitions succeeded!
7.2. 删除指定Topic
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-topics.sh --delete --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic Demo1
Topic Demo1 is marked for deletion.
Note: This will have no impact if delete.topic.enable is not set to true.
Note中指出该Topic并没有真正的删除，如果真删除，需要把server.properties中的delete.topic.enable置为true
7.3 给指定的Topic增加配置项，如给一个增加max message size值为128000
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-topics.sh --alter --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic Demo1 --config max.message.bytes=128000
WARNING: Altering topic configuration from this script has been deprecated and may be removed in future releases.
Going forward, please use kafka-configs.sh for this functionality
Updated config for topic "Demo1".
warning中指出该命令已经过期，将来可能被删除，替代的命令是使用kafka-config.sh。新命令如下：
[root@Server1 kafka_2.12-0.11.0.0]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --alter --zookeeper localhost:2181 --entity-type topics --entity-name Demo1 --add-config max.message.bytes=12800
Completed Updating config for entity: topic 'Demo1'.
需要使用entity-type置为topics，并在entity-name中指定对应的名称
7.4 reset指定consumer的topic offset
bash-4.4# kafka-consumer-groups.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --group mine_message --topic mine_account_reg -execute --reset-offsets --to-offset 37
Error: Assignments can only be reset if the group 'mine_message' is inactive, but the current state is Stable.
TOPIC PARTITION NEW-OFFSET
bash-4.4# kafka-consumer-groups.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --group mine_message --topic mine_account_reg -execute --reset-offsets --to-offset 37
TOPIC PARTITION NEW-OFFSET
mine_account_reg 0 37
8. 结论
本文展示了CLI所提供的一些常用的命令，这些基本的命令在运维Kafka过程中很实用。